Problems in General Physics → Electrodynamics → Motion of Charged Particles in Electric and Magnetic Fields |
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3.372. At the moment t = 0 an electron leaves one plate of a parallel-plate capacitor with a negligible velocity. An accelerating voltage, varying as V = at, where a = 100 V/s, is applied between the plates. The separation between the plates is l = 5.0 cm. What is the velocity of the electron at the moment it reaches the opposite plate?
3.374. A particle with specific charge q/m moves rectilinearly due to an electric field E = E0 - ax, where a is a positive constant, x is the distance from the point where the particle was initially at rest. Find:
3.376. Determine the acceleration of a relativistic electron moving along a uniform electric field of strength E at the moment when its kinetic energy becomes equal to T.
3.377. At the moment t = 0 a relativistic proton flies with a velocity v0 into the region where there is a uniform transverse electric field of strength E, with v0 ⊥ E. Find the time dependence of
3.378. A proton accelerated by a potential difference V = 500 kV flies through a uniform transverse magnetic field with induction B = 0.51 T. The field occupies a region of space d = 10 cm in thickness (Fig. 3.99). Find the angle α through which the proton deviates from the initial direction of its motion.
3.379. A charged particle moves along a circle of radius r = 100 mm in a uniform magnetic field with induction B = 10.0 mT. Find its velocity and period of revolution if that particle is
3.380. A relativistic particle with charge q and rest mass m0 moves along a circle of radius r in a uniform magnetic field of induction B. Find:
3.382. An electron accelerated by a potential difference V = 1.0 kV moves in a uniform magnetic field at an angle α = 30° to the vector B whose modulus is B = 29 mT. Find the pitch of the helical trajectory of the electron.
3.383. A slightly divergent beam of non-relativistic charged particles accelerated by a potential difference V propagates from a point A along the axis of a straight solenoid. The beam is brought into focus at a distance l from the point A at two successive values of magnetic induction B1 and B2. Find the specific charge q/m of the particles.
3.384. A non-relativistic electron originates at a point A lying on the axis of a straight solenoid and moves with velocity v at an angle α to the axis. The magnetic induction of the field is equal to B. Find the distance r from the axis to the point on the screen into which the electron strikes. The screen is oriented at right angles to the axis and is located at a distance l from the point A.
3.385. From the surface of a round wire of radius a carrying a direct current I an electron escapes with a velocity v0 perpendicular to the surface. Find what will be the maximum distance of the electron from the axis of the wire before it turns back due to the action of the magnetic field generated by the current.
3.386. A non-relativistic charged particle flies through the electric field of a cylindrical capacitor and gets into a uniform transverse magnetic field with induction B (Fig. 3.100). In the capacitor the particle moves along the arc of a circle, in the magnetic field, along a semi-circle of radius r. The potential difference applied to the capacitor is equal to V, the radii of the electrodes are equal to a and b, with a < b. Find the velocity of the particle and its specific charge q/m.
3.387. Uniform electric and magnetic fields with strength E and induction B respectively are directed along the y axis (Fig. 3.101). A particle with specific charge q/m leaves the origin O in the direction of the x axis with an initial non-relativistic velocity v0. Find:
3.389. A non-relativistic proton beam passes without deviation through the region of space where there are uniform transverse mutually perpendicular electric and magnetic fields with E = 120 kV/m and B = 50 mT. Then the beam strikes a grounded target. Find the force with which the beam acts on the target if the beam current is equal to I = 0.80 mA.
3.390. Non-relativistic protons move rectilinearly in the region of space where there are uniform mutually perpendicular electric and magnetic fields with E = 4.0 kV/m and B = 50 mT. The trajectory of the protons lies in the plane xz (Fig. 3.102) and forms an angle φ = 30° with the x axis. Find the pitch of the helical trajectory along which the protons will move after the electric field is switched off.
3.393. A system consists of a long cylindrical anode of radius a and a coaxial cylindrical cathode of radius b (b < a). A filament located along the axis of the system carries a heating current I producing a magnetic field in the surrounding space. Find the least potential difference between the cathode and anode at which the thermal electrons leaving the cathode without initial velocity start reaching the anode.
3.396. The cyclotron's oscillator frequency is equal to ν = 10 MHz. Find the effective accelerating voltage applied across the dees of that cyclotron if the distance between the neighbouring trajectories of protons is not less than Δr = 1.0 cm, with the trajectory radius being equal to r = 0.5 m.
3.397. Protons are accelerated in a cyclotron so that the maximum curvature radius of their trajectory is equal to r = 50 cm. Find:
3.399. Since the period of revolution of electrons in a uniform magnetic field rapidly increases with the growth of energy, a cyclotron is unsuitable for their acceleration. This drawback is rectified in a microtron (Fig. 3.105) in which a change ΔT in the period of revolution of an electron is made multiple with the period of accelerating field T0. How many times has an electron to cross the accelerating gap of a microtron to acquire an energy W = 4.6 MeV if ΔT = T0, the magnetic induction is equal to B = 107 mT, and the frequency of accelerating field to ν = 3000 MHz?
3.400. The ill effects associated with the variation of the period of revolution of the particle in a cyclotron due to the increase of its energy are eliminated by slow monitoring (modulating) the frequency of accelerating field. According to what law ω(t) should this frequency be monitored if the magnetic induction is equal to B and the particle acquires an energy ΔW per revolution? The charge of the particle is q and its mass is m.
3.401. A particle with specific charge q/m is located inside a round solenoid at a distance r from its axis. With the current switched into the winding, the magnetic induction of the field generated by the solenoid amounts to B. Find the velocity of the particle and the curvature radius of its trajectory, assuming that during the increase of current flowing in the solenoid the particle shifts by a negligible distance.
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